Population pharmacokinetics (POP PK) is a pharmacokinetic tool, which measures and explains the variability in drug exposure and drug effect…

First data on suitable urinary markers indicative of the administration of the poly(dihydroxyphenylene) thiosulfonate-based drug hypoxen were generated, which can…

Intact phase II metabolites of endogenous anabolic androgenic steroids give important information about metabolism and have the potential to improve…

DNA analysis is used to detect attempts at manipulating or substituting samples during doping control. To determine a suitable method,…

This study revealed that nitazene analogs were mainly metabolized by N-1-hydroxylation followed by glucuronidation, N-deethylation, O-dealkylation followed by glucuronidation, and…

Abstract Combined use of alcohol and illicit drugs is a serious health and social problem. In this study, it was…

The study collected over 30,000 data points from three major national anti-doping inquiry systems spanning from 2008 to 2022. Approximately…

An evaluation method using micro-segmental analysis (MSA) of a single nail was developed to examine the effects of external environments…

In this work, a certified reference material (CRM) for 3β,4α-dihydroxy-5α-androstan-17-one (DHAS), a metabolite of formestane that is used to conceal…